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| unit_pref = US | area_total_sq_mi = 828 | area_land_sq_mi = 520 | area_water_sq_mi = 308 | elevation_max_footnotes = | elevation_max_ft = 2574 | elevation_min_footnotes = | elevation_min_ft = | population_as_of = April 1, 2010 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 252409 | pop_est_as_of = 2014 | pop_est_footnotes = 〔 | population_est = 260750 | population_density_sq_mi = auto | timezone = Pacific | utc_offset = −8 | timezone_DST = PDT | utc_offset_DST = −7 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = Area codes | area_code = 415, 707 (Tomales and Dillon Beach only) | blank_name_sec1 = FIPS code | blank_info_sec1 = 06-041 | blank1_name_sec1 = GNIS feature ID | blank1_info_sec1 = | website = | footnotes = }} Marin County is a county located in the North San Francisco Bay Area of the State of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 252,409.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/06041.html )〕 Its county seat is San Rafael.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=June 7, 2011 )〕 Marin County is included in the San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is across the Golden Gate Bridge from San Francisco. Marin County is well known for its natural beauty, liberal politics, and affluence. In May 2009, Marin County had the fifth highest income per capita in the United States at about $91,480. The county is governed by the Marin County Board of Supervisors. San Quentin Prison is located in the county, as is George Lucas' Skywalker Ranch. Autodesk, the publisher of AutoCAD, is also located there, as well as numerous other high-tech companies. The Marin County Civic Center was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright and draws thousands of visitors a year to guided tours of its arch and atrium design. In 1994, a new county jail facility was embedded into the hillside nearby.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Marin County Jail )〕 Marin County's natural sites include the Muir Woods redwood forest, the Marin Headlands, Stinson Beach, the Point Reyes National Seashore, and Mount Tamalpais. The United States' oldest cross country running event, the Dipsea Race, takes place annually in Marin County, attracting thousands of athletes. Mountain biking was invented on the slopes of Mount Tamalpais in Marin. ==History== Marin County is one of the original 27 counties of California, created February 18, 1850, following adoption of the California Constitution of 1849 and just months before the state was admitted to the Union.〔(''California's Legislature'', "APPENDIX M, Origin and Meaning of the Names of the Counties of California With County Seats and Dates Counties Were Created," p. 302. Spring 2006 ), Retrieved March 26, 2007〕 According to General Mariano Vallejo, who headed an 1850 committee to name California's counties, the county was named for "Marin", great chief of the tribe Licatiut". Marin had been named Huicmuse until he was baptized as "Marino" at about age 20. Marin / Marino was born into the Huimen people, a Coast Miwok tribe of Native Americans who inhabited the San Rafael area. Vallejo believed that "Chief Marin" had waged several fierce battles against the Spanish. Marino definitely did reside at Mission Dolores (in modern San Francisco) much of the time from his 1801 baptism and marriage until 1817, frequently serving as a baptism witness and godfather; he may have escaped and been recaptured at some point during that time. Starting in 1817, he served as an alcalde (in effect, an overseer) at the San Rafael Mission, where he lived from 1817 off and on until his death. In 1821, Marino served as an expedition guide for the Spanish for a couple of years before escaping and hiding out for some months in the tiny Marin Islands (also named after him); his recapture resulted in a yearlong incarceration at the Presidio before his return to the Mission San Rafael area for about 15 years until his death in 1839.〔Goerke, Betty. 2007. ''Chief Marin, Leader, Rebel, and Legend: A History of Marin County's Namesake and his People''. Berkeley: Heyday Books. ISBN 978-1-59714-053-9〕 Another version of the origin of the county name is that the bay between San Pedro Point and San Quentin Point was named ''Bahía de Nuestra Señora del Rosario la Marinera'' in 1775, and that Marin is simply an abbreviation of this name.〔Gudde, Erwin G. (1949). ''California Place Names: A Geographical Dictionary'', p. 204. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press; Paperback edition (2004). ISBN 0-520-24217-3.〕 The Coast Miwok Indians were hunters and gatherers whose ancestors had occupied the area for thousands of years. About 600 village sites have been identified in the county. The Coast Miwok numbered in the thousands. Today, there are few left and even fewer with any knowledge of their Coast Miwok lineage. Efforts are being made so that they are not forgotten.〔Thomas, Robert C., ''Drake at Olompali''〕 Francis Drake and the crew of the ''Golden Hind'' was thought to have landed on the Marin coast in 1579 claiming the land as ''Nova Albion''. A bronze plaque inscribed with Drake's claim to the new lands, fitting the description in Drake's own account, was discovered in 1933. This so-called ''Drake's Plate of Brass'' was revealed as a hoax in 2003.〔Chen, Allan, ''Drake's Plate: the end of the mystery?,'' Science Beat, Berkeley Lab, April 4, 2003〕 In 1595 Sebastian Cermeno lost his ship, the ''San Agustin'', while exploring the Marin Coast. The Spanish explorer Vizcaíno landed about twenty years after Drake in what is now called Drakes Bay. However the first Spanish settlement in Marin was not established until 1817 when Mission San Rafael Arcángel was founded partly in response to the Russian-built Fort Ross to the north in what is now Sonoma County. Mission San Rafael Arcángel was founded in what is now downtown San Rafael as the 20th Spanish mission in the colonial Mexican province of ''Alta California'' by four priests, Father Narciso Duran from Mission San Jose, Father Abella from Mission San Francisco de Asís, Father Gil y Taboada and Father Mariano Payeras, the President of the Missions, on December 14, 1817, four years before Mexico gained independence from Spain. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marin County, California」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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